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ITINEMTAL C&lOi 



ITYPt «!., CHiP**' 



FESTIVAL HALL AND CASCADES. 

WORLD'S FAIR, ST. LOUIS, U.S.A., 1904. 



THE 



UmUEI^SAL EXPOSITION 

Beautifully Illustrated 

Official publication 

Illustrations reproduced from 6oerz Lens photographs, made by Official photographic Company, 

William R. Rau, Director of photography. 




AN EVENING DRILL ON PLAZA ST. LOUIS. 



published by Official photographic Company, St. Louis, U. 8. H. 

ROBERT A. RKID, 
Director of Vieiv Book Publications. 

Che Cradc Supplied by Hmerican ]Vews Company and its Branches'*' 



COPYRIGHT, 1904, BY 
LOUISIANA PURCHASE EXPOSITION CO 



Single copies mailed by publishers for $1.10. 
Address city office, Official PSotog-aph c Co., St. Louis. 



PRESS OF 
o. 'L F. MYERSON PRINTING CO., ST. LOUIS. 



LIBRARY nf CONGRESS 
Two OoDies Recwved 

AUG 29 1904 
GooyrlKht Entry 

CLAsS 0«- XXo. No. 

o\^. L 'L I 

' COPY B 



< 










'Cbc QHorlcl^s Greatest exposition* 



In this book of views of buildings and chief features of the World's Fair we have a splendid 
souvenir of the world's greatest Exposition. In its compilation the editor has aimed to select the 
most artistic views from hundreds taken by expert photographers for the official books. 

The World's Fair of 1904 marks another epoch in the advancement of civilization throughout 
the world and while celebrating the hundredth anniversar}^ of one of the greatest historical events, 
the Louisiana Purchase, it is a most appropriate festival for the beginning of the twentieth century. 
To ever3^one who has seen the Exposition the views herein will bring up a train of memories to 
sweeten and prolong the priceless benefits derived from the visit within its gates. Every building 
has its important place and purpose in the magnificent picture which lasts for a single season onl}^, 
and onl)^ in such books as this will it be preserved for contemplation in after years. 

The exhibit palaces and attendant buildings in their setting of flowers, shrubs, trees, lawns, 
fountains, lagoons, cascades and statuary, make a picture of unsurpassed beauty and of heretofore 
unattempted grandeur. The complete artistic success of the vast exterior of the Exposition is 
shown by the many views to be seen within this volume, while its success in the complete portra3^al 
of modern life in all phases and in all countries is acknowledged by the millions of visitors who 
have seen the wonderful displays in all buildings. 

No tongue or pen can describe the glories of the Exposition of 1904. No matter how high 
one's expectations, his imagination must fall far short of the realization when he walks for the first 
time into the Court of the Cascades and looks upon the great Festival Hall, which has no peer for 
beauty in the world, and whose surroundings are equally grand and inspiring. 



TMP96-024976 



-^'* ^'<.< 




FESTIVAL HALL AND GRAND BASIN. 

The view shown is one of the majestic sweeps of the Cascade Gardens and their settings. At the left rises the dome of Festival Hall, 200 feet above the crown of the hill 
on which it stands. Rich carpets of sward slope gracefully down toward the waters of the Grand Basin, and the wonderful rainbow gardening makes a picture not to be excelled 
elsewhere. The observer contemplating this scene faces nearly west. The western arm of the Colonnade of States connects Festival Hall with the restaurant pavilion near the 
center of the picture. The ever-charming cascade at the west shows clearly, though the great central cascade can be better seen from the Grand Basin. Toward the right, the 
250-foot circle of the Observation Wheel is sharply defined against the sky, and at the extreme right a portion of the Palace of Machinery may be seen. A part of the white walls 
of Jerusalem peers over the hill. The scene is one of majesty, of vastness, of many objects combined into a satisfying and harmonious whole. It fills the eye, and delights with a 
wealth of color and grace of line, and charms with the swirl and play of water. The surface of the basin ripples and dapples under the wind and the sun, and to complete the 
satisfaction of the beholder the sounds of music and of voices add the human note. 




LOUISIANA PURCHASE MONUMENT FROM GRAND BASIN. 



There is but one monument in the Exposition grounds, the magnificent Louisiana Purchase monument that stands at the head of the Plaza of St. Louis, directly opposite the 
central cascade. It is a majestic shaft, 100 feet high, and is crowned by Carl Bitter's colossal statue of Peace. At the base, on the side facing tlie Grand Basin, is a group of 
portrait statues showing the commissioners in the act of signing the Louisiana treaty. At the two sides are symbolic figures of the Missouri and Mississippi rivers. On the side 
facing the Plaza is the speaker's stand from which many noted visitors have already addressed the exposition throngs. In the foreground are the splendid sculptural groups, 
illustrating western life, and close by are the equestrian figures of De Soto, Joliet, and Louis IX, king of France, for whom St. Louis was named. A corner of the Palace of 
Manufactures is half screened from view by leafy maples, and the snow-crowned peaks of the Alps tower in the distance. 




PALACE OF ART. 

Four pretentious buildings make up tlie Art Group, representing an outlay of more than Si, 000, 000. The group stands on the plateau southwest of the Festival Hall. The 
central building is of Bedford limestone, a permanent gallery of art. Besides a great central hall, it contains 22 spacious galleries and the necessary complement of offices and 
jury rooms. It Is 348 by 166 feet. The side pavilions are each 422 feet long and each contains over fifty galleries. The Sculpture building stands in the court formed by the 
other structures. The total number of rooms is 135. All the European countries contribute their best works. So eager were the artists of Italy to display their works that 4.000 
pictures were offered when only 400 could be chosen. Italy also sends 100 works of sculpture. Very interesting are the silk and cut velvet wall hangings in the Japanese section, 
the Beauvais and Gobelin tapestries in the French section, the Sevres and other porcelain wares from France. The exhibit of British art is the finest ever brought together in any 
country and is exceeded in interest to art critics only by the American section. 



■^,S,a^^ ^ ' " '{ i« .i. fcV n il tj tn i < f^A^ .- jji i « i« 




ST. LOUIS PLAZA AND GRAND BASIN FROM FESTIVAL HALL. 

It has been remarked that at previous expositions there were but two or three good views, while the Louisiana Purchase Exposition has hundreds. Of these the prospect 
from Festival Hall over the Grand Basin ranks easily among the first. Here one has the glorious stretch of water, with its surface gently rippled by passing gondolas and launches, 
and all the way down the lagoon and along the Plaza of St. Louis are rows of transplanted maple trees, affording shade and the color of verdure. To the right lies the stately Palace 
of Education, with the Manufactures Palace beyond it. To the left, crowned by figures holding aloft golden stars, is Electricity Palace, and further along the Palace of Varied 
Industries. Fronting the Grand Basin is the tall Louisiana Purchase Monument, touched with gold. On beyond is the broad Plaza, with level space for multitudes. At right and 
left are band-stands and statuary, and in the center line is the heroic figure of King Louis IX of France, the great Crusader and patron saint of the City of St. Louis. In the far 
distance are the Tyrolean Alps, a fitting background. At sunset is perhaps the best time to see this view, when the dying lights soften and mellow every object. Then the view is 
enchanting. A little later, when the myriad lights show forth, and the cascades play, it is entrancing. 




PALACE OF EDUCATION. 



Classic Grecian architecture is reproduced in tlie great Palace of Education. The beautiful colonnades on the four sides are in fine proportion and the loggias offer an 
attractive promenade. The building covers eight acres and stands on the east side of the Grand Basin, surrounded by lagoons. Access is by means of several beautiful bridges. 
The cost of this palace was S400,000. The educational exhibits show everything from the kindergarten to the highest university courses. A complete exhibit of laboratory opera- 
tions is made. Technical and agricultural schools and commercial and industrial training all have their place. A commercial school is in full operation. In addition to the exhibits 
from many states and countries, five large cities have independent exhibits. Leading colleges also have exhibits. A model lecture hall, schools showing methods of training deaf, 
dumb and blind pupils; fine art institutes and the work of polytechnic schools are among other features. 





GROUP OF GONDOLAS ON GRAND BASIN. 



Tlie beatiful Venetian craft that ply the waters of the Exposition lagoons give just the needed touch of romance. A gondola anywhere is a luxurious and a useful boat, but it 
is never prosaic. Many of these long, darl<, graceful boats are in constant use at the Fair, and they form charming pictures as the swarthy oarsmen propel them with easy grace, 
standing at the prow and stern, facing forward. These are real gondoliers from Venice, many of them gifted singers, and the lagoons ring with music as the evening falls and the 
lights come forth. Often the pedestrian passing over a bridge is almost startled at the sound of music, and looking over the rail he sees a gondola gliding softly beneath him, the 
rowers intoning liquid Italian words; or perhaps the party of visitors is in the mood for song and is sending forth a joyous chorus. The view shown is the west portion of the 
Grand Basin, with one of the restaurant pavilions rising in the center, above the cascades. Two of the beautiful fountains are throwing their cooling spray high in air, and half-a- 
dozen gondolas are lying at rest. Nowhere else except in Venice can such a scene be found, and even there the setting cannot equal this. 





PALACE OF MANUFACTURES. 



Fourteen acres are included within the four walls of the Palace of Manufactures. About nine hundred industries are represented in the exhibits. The several great 
nations of the world are present with displays of most interesting character. Japan occupies an extensive space in the western end of the building. Germany and France occupy 
large spaces. The textile display, from all parts of the United States and from many countries of the world, has a place in this building. Carpets, tapestries, fabrics for 
upholstering, the glass and crystal exhibits, the display of modern plumbing equipment, apparatus for heating and ventilation and fixtures for lighting are a part of the exhibits in 
this vast building. Among the processes shown are the manufacture of steel pens, paper boxes, shoes and hats. The art of window dressing is illustrated. The Palace of Manu- 
factures cost S720,000. It stands east of the Plaza of St. Louis, north of the Palace of Education and west of the Palace of Liberal Arts. The Municipal Street lies just north 
of this building. 




- '^^mmr * ' "^.-.^.^ / i.MJLi^ 



FESTIVAL HALL, THE COLONNADE 

In the Festival Hall orchestra concerts and organ recitals are given throughout the Exposition. Between the pylons of the Colonnade of States a glimpse is obtained of the 
splendid Palaces of Art. In the four irregular-shaped spaces into which the hillside is divided by the cascades are flower-gardens in which throughout the summer and fall mav be 
seen growing plants that add brilliant masses of color to the glory of the scene. The cascades themselves, beautiful as they are by daylight, are enhanced in beauty at night bV the 
wonderful electric illumination. Over the terraced weirs of the three cascades there flow every minute 90,000 gallons of water, or nearly 130,000,000 gallons in twenty-four hours 
enough water to supply a city of half a million inhabitants. Half of this flows down the central cascade. The cost of this ornate centerpiece of the World's Fair was over 
«1 .000.000. of which the statuary alone cost SSO.ooo. It was planned by Mr. Emmanuel L. Masqueray. chief of design of the E.xposition 








OF STATES AND THE CASCADES. 

To this, the central and crowning glory of the grandeurs of the World's Fair, no photograph and no pen can do justice. The picture shows a stretch of a quarter of a mile 
in width, while the extensions of the gardens to left and right embrace nearly half a mile. From the bottom of the Grand Basin to the top of the dome on Festival Hall, the height 
is 275 feet. The lower weir of the central cascade is 160 feet across. The restaurant pavilions at either side are each 130 feet in diameter and 140 feet high. The Colonnade of 
States above the gardens extends on either side of Festival Hall a distance of 400 feet, the height to the corner line being 52 feet. Each of the fourteen states that ha\e been 
erected out of the territory of the Louisiana Purchase is represented by a splendid statue of a seated woman, made on an heroic scale so that if standing each figure would be 20 feet 
high. The Festival Hall, the central feature of the picture, has a seating capacity of 3,500 and contains the largest pipe organ in the world. 



rfLS 




PALACE OF LIBERAL ARTS. 



In former Exhibitions the Liberal Arts have usually occupied space in buildings devoted to other departments. At the World's Fair of 1904 a nine-acre building in the ex- 
treme eastern part of the grounds is devoted to the various exhibits classified as Liberal Arts. The Building cost S475,000. In this magnificent palace the visitor will find such 
interesting objects as models of famous lighthouses, the great coin collection from the British Mint, exhibits of fine photography, an extensive display of musical instruments. 
China makes a large collective display which includes ancient books and carvings, rare trophies from the Chinese temples, fantastic Chinese armor and weapons. Graphic arts 
are also installed in this building. Modern printing machinery of all kinds is in operation. An engraving plant and lithographic presses are shown. Another e.xhibit shows the 
development of the typewriter. Germany makes an exhibit of fine printing, specimens of photography, maps and models. The great organ in the Festival Hall is classified as one 
of the exhibits in Liberal Arts. 




The long colonnades, domes and towers are the distinguishing features in the architecture of the Palace of Varied Industries. It nas tne same dimensions as the Palace of 
Manufactures, being 5 25 feet wide by 1,200 feet in length and covering an area of fourteen acres. The exhibits within this beautiful palace are gathered from many states and 
countries. Germany and Japan are rivals in the extent of space covered, but their rivalry ends there, for the exhibits are radically different. Germany occupies a large area in the 
northeastern corner, the installation for which is very elaborate. The manufacturers of fine wares have put forth their best efforts with results most creditable and interesting. 
In this building the exhibits are those of art Industries such as art pottery, cut glass and art glass, office and household furniture, brushes, fine leather articles, jewelry, silver- 
smiths' and goldsmiths' wares, clocks and watches, products in marble, bronze, cast iron, wrought iron, paper hangings and upholsterers' decorations. The Japan exhibit occupies 
a very large space in the southwestern corner with a beautiful temple as its entrance. 




THE FLOP^L CLOCK. 

This is one of the novelties of the Exposition. The great dial, 112 feet in diameter, is laid out in flowers and plants of bright foliage, and is located just north of the Palace 
of Agriculture, on the slope of a hill, hence it is visible from many points and from great distances. Eadi of the hands weighs 2,500 pounds. The minute hand is 74 feet long, and 
it moves five feet every minute. The five-minute spaces between the hour-marks are clearly marked off by differences in color into minute-spaces each five feet long. Unlike other 
clocks, this one moves rapidly for a few seconds and then stops on a m.ark. This is repeated every minute. When one goes up the hill and looks at the beautiful machinery that 
actuates this clock, he understands why it moves in this manner. There is a master clock under glass, and at the beginning of each minute it sets in motion a compressed-air pisto^ 
that moves the mighty hands." Hours and half-hours are struck on a bell weighing 5,000 pounds. Close at hand there is a terrestrial globe, revolving once in twenty-four hours', 
on which one may read the time of day or night at any place on earth. There is also an hour-glass, holding 100 pounds of sand, reversed at the end of each hour. Everything 
connected with the interesting exhibit is moved by compressed air, but it is all controlled by the delicate, accurate master clock. 




PALACE OF TRANSPORTATION. 

The visitor is reminded of a great railroad station as he notes the architecture of the Palace of Transportation, which stands west of the Palace of Varied Indusries and 
north of the Palace of Machinery. The building is 525 feet by 1,300 feet, covering fifteen acres. Beneath the expansive roof are displayed all the modern methods of transporta- 
tion together with historical exhibits of great interest. The historical display of old locomotives shows graphically the long struggle from the time of the stage coach to the era of 
the modern palace car. Visitors are permitted to inspect the most palatial trains. A huge locomotive stands in the center of the building upon a turn-table. In the western end 
of the building is a laboratory for testing the efficiency of locomotives. The old horse car and the modern trolley car stand side by side. The display of automobiles shows the 
cemarkable possibilities of this new means of travel. Motor boats and other water craft are here in goodly numbers while the road vehicles for aU sorts of purposes are not 
lorgotten. Models of railway stations, cars and other railway equipment are displayed. 




PALACE OF ELECTRICITY. 

A very large building is devoted to the exhibits of the Department of Electricity. Including the court, the building covers eight acres and the cost was S400,000. The 
groups of lofty columns about the entrances and their classic details give the building a dignity worthy of its central position in the "main picture" of the Exposition. The 
exhibits in the Palace of Electricity will make it a center of attraction for all who are concerned in electrical progress. The remarkable advance in electrical engineering and the 
new discoveries of the science during the last ten years made possible the most comprehensive exhibit ever assembled. Dynamos and motors of many kinds and new electrical 
machinery for a multitude of uses may be seen in operation. Definite progress has been made during recent years in the use of electricity in the treatment of diseases. How it <- 
thus used is illustrated with X-ray apparatus and the famous Finsen light. The progress in electric lighting and the use of electric power is shown. Small but powerful eleci . 
locomotives for mining purposes make an interesting exhibit. The wonders of electro-chemistry are illustrated 




PALACE OF MINES AND METALLURGY. 



The architect of the Palace of Mines and Metallurgy offers something entirely new in Exposition construction. He has thrown aside all tenets and discarded all precedents, 
while securing a most refreshing result. None but an architect can tell where he has found his suggestions, and it is clear that the combinations are the result of his own genius. 
We can all discover the tall Egyptian obeIisl<s that flanlt the square Egyptian entrances but the bulbous domes far aloft are nature's favorite form. The open corridors and over- 
hanging roof suggest coolness. The building is 525 by 750 feet and covers nine acres. It is the largest building ever erected for a mining exhibit and cost 5500,000. The 
'"'nes and Metallurgical exhibit embraces everything from clays to precious metals and gems. Mine engineering in its latest development is clearly portrayed. Ore crushing and 
... ititrating processes are shown. Primitive methods of smelting copper ores by Mexican Indians are shown in an exhibit in the Mining Gulch. A modern art pottery is also a 
aature of the gulch, wherein the processes of manufacture may be noted. 




THE SUNKEN GARDEN. 

Of the many choice examples of landscape gardening at the Exposition, none is more pleasing than the Sunken Garden, a richly planted parterre lying between the Palace 
of Mines and Metallurgy and the Palace of Liberal Arts. Tha accompanying view is toward the Southeast, with the main entrance of the Government Building as a background. 
There are really many gardens in one great level space, three feet below the surrounding walks. A graceful slope of fine turf forms the frame for the beautiful picture. Wonderful 
combinations of color and charming designs are spread out before the eye, and the scene is really kaleidoscopic when one walks about. Not the least charm of these gardens is 
their constant change, for all decorative plants and flowers are transient, and as the season advances new pictures are presented. At midsummer cannas and oruecs 

flowers are judiciously distributed, adding their glories to the scene. Tropical ^foliage shows forth, new dispositions are made of the bay trees, and a transformati' 
the whole prospect by the army of gardeners who are always at work at ^•- - There are seats for hundreds of visitors around the parterre, and the exhib' 
shade in the heat of the day, so that the Sunken Garden is one of the ii Mdaces at the Exposition, 




PALACE OF MACHINERY. 

In the architecture of the great Palace of Machinery German features are dominant. ' The towers, entrances and even the roofs breathe a German influence. The two central 

towers on the north side are each two hundred and sixty-five feet high. The building is very rich in plastic detail and sculptural decoration. The north vestibule is one of the 

most ber- ' entrances to be seen in the Exposition palaces. The building is one thousand feet long and covers ten acres. It stands west of the Palace of Electricity and south 

Transportation. In the western end of the Palace of Machinery may be seen the power plant of the Exposition, developing an aggregate energy of forty-five 

'horse-power. The largest of the engines is the AUis-Chalmers vertical and horizor^al refrigerating engine of five thousand horse-power, but the most powerful is 

Turbine, installed by the General Electric Company, developing eight +•- ""^r and capable of producing twelve thousand horse-power under adequate 

•/ery interesting also, are the four three thousand horse-power We-' The great Corliss engine at the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition, was 

' horse-power. 




I 

i 



EAST LAGOON AND PLAZA OF ORLEANS, FROM CASCADE GARDENS. 

The view is toward the northeast, and the imposing structure at the right is the Palace of "' 'Metallurgy, beyond which is the ornate Palace of 

building wherein the Dedication exercises were held on April 30, 1903. The ornamental bridge in the tort, ^und is one of the broad, graceful viaducts tliat 
the foliage that partially screens it is an outlying fringe of the great Cascade Gardens. In the disL ice, .it the left of the picture, is the tall tower from w 



messages are sent. An elevator can be utilized to reach an elevation of nearly 300 feet in this tower, and 
and many square miles of town and country besides. Glorious statuary adorns these bridges and bu Iding 
for the weary guest; music of bands and of singing gondoliers floats on the air. Color and life abourd, ye: 
a favorite view, a large and comprehensive view, yet directed toward a relatively small area of the grea^ 
regret for the transitory nature of the Ivory City, and of pity for those who are unable to see it. 



rom that point the observer sees spread before hu 
; vigorous trees throw shade on the well kept lawi. 
tranquility, serenity, repose and dignity are the cl 
Exposition. It is one of those scenes that inspire , 




PALACE OF EDUCATION AT NIGHT. 



^sition of 1904 is cosmopolitan, it is universal, ''■ '-.and it is modern. No one need try to enjoy wliat another enjoys. Tliere is variety enough to give 

*or his pleasure or whim. I'n the Palace of Euu-. jsvi we have a triumph of classic architecture, transformed at night and made visible by the latest achievements 

^g. By day one thinks of this building as a stately i\; ry structure housing innumerable exhibits that show the latest supreme effort of the great minds of the 

;S it at night, he forgets that it has even so remot''>ly utilitarian a phase. Seen across the Grand Basin, in one of the most prominent situations on the grounds, 

cation is simply part of a glorious picture. It stands ,M a great island that came into being when the lagoons were carved out, and it faces an expanse of 

:es are enhanced a hundred fold by the sparkle and reflection of myriads of lights. The outlines of the building are reduplicated in the mirror of the Grand Basin, 

and flutter and palpitate as the lake is agitated by iihe increasing flow from the cascades and fountains, or seamed and rippled by the gondoliers' oars. The 

be seen by day and by night. If but one visit can be made, let that be at nig^c. 




UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT BUILDING. 



It has been the custom of the United States Government to participate generously in all important 
largest exhibit structure ever erected by Federal authority and every department of the Government is 
terrace considerably above the general level of the exhibit palaces in the extreme eastern part of tl 
exhibit features, as the visitor enters the central portal, is the half of a battleship with full armame 
eastern corner and the Smithsonian Institution the northwestern corner. The War Department has a 
a Pompeiian house, is occupied by the Fish Commission, which has .15 large tanks stocked with ''vv 
are operated during certain hours each day. A large building in the western part of the gr. 
Indian has made in the arts of civilization. The Bureau of Plant Industry has a • -acre ma' 



tions. The Government building at the World's Fa' 
'd with elaborate displays. The building is sit 
is nearly 800 feet long and 250 feet wide. 
^ The Post Office Department occupie. 
•dern arms. A separate building, consti 
the Government building are sea-coast 
f the Indian schools, showing the . 
■astern part of the grounds. 



.IS IS 

gnant 




PALACE OF AGRICULTURE. 



Expo 



.great building covering an area of twenty-three ar 
a the central western part of the grounds upp' 
On the west side one may see the extensi' 

Nearly all the states and nations of thf 
lice and tobacco. In the southwestern 
products of many states. Here th^ 
, apparatus. More than two acre' 



in itself a most interesting object. Such is the Palace of Agriculture, the largest of the Exposition 

■^ty feet above the main group of buildings. It overlooks, to the northward, the principal group of 

3servation. East are the rose gardens and the southern extension of the Pike. South of it is the 

presented. In the central nave are displayed special exhibits of five of the principal products of the soil — 

lairy in operation. In the center of the building is an extensive refrigerated showcase in which are 

>(^ creamery in operation using 5000 pounds of milk a day and equipped with all the latest butter 

•ts. In the southeast corner are the agricultural implements and modern farm machinery. 



i 




PALACE OF HORTICULTURE. 

Occupying the highest site of any of the large exhibit buildings, the Palace of Horticulture stand' 
section is 400 feet square and devoted to the display of fruits and general horticultural exhibits. ^ 
fruit trees and flowers. The western section, 200 feet square is given up to cut flowers and horticult 
north side of the wing. Here are shown all the profitable varieties of bees at their daily task of gath 
bee culture: During the season there will be, upon certain days, a free distribution of apples and ■ 
tliis palace, planted with the choicest flowers and shrubs. 



Agriculture building. It is divided into th-- 
. 200 feet square, is a great conservat 
The Bee exhibit is also in this part 
■■ey, together with the modern apparaLi 
ce of Horticulture, Beautiful exhib 




LOUISIANA PURCHASE 

St. Louis, in wliich the Louisiana Purr 
tlie most artistic ornaments of the 1 
-gnjng of the Louisiana Purchase Trf 
States Minister to France, and Jam 
'. Louis the visitor may see Festiva 



NUMENT AND PALACE OF VARIED INDUSTRIES. 

. stands, is a favorite gathering place for World's Fair visitors. The monument, designed by E. L. 

•.rowning figure of Peace is by Karl Bitter. At the base is another sculptured group by Mr. Bitter 

appear the figures of Marbois, the representative of Napoleon, the first Consul of France; Robert R. 

'^•-esident, the special envoy of President Jefferson, sent to assist Livingston in the negotiations. 

.s and other beautiful features. 




PALACE OF MINES, GERMAN HOUSE AND EAST RESTAURANT PAVILION. 



This view brings together several important and interesting buildings with a fine setting of wa*'-. . 
near the nortlieast angle of the waterways, and beyond the beautiful restaurant pavilion near the center lit 
unification of Egyptian, Greek and Byzantine architectural elements, the structure covering nine acre 
Fair, among them the titanic statue of Vulcan in iron, At the right a glimpse is had of the east 
main picture, whether considered as an architectural composition or as a home for displays. Here t 
exhibits that open the eyes of the visitor. The novelty of the police exhibit makes it a popula- 
occupies a commanding location on the hill at the right of the restaurant pa\ n. and in it m; 
whether seen by day or by night, is a charming one, full of variety and cent' of the many 



, trees, shrubbery and statuary. The vista is i 
he forest. At the left is the Palace of Mines -- 
It houses some of the most interesting 
•■"le of "* Palace of Education, one of the most attract"- 
t sch. Is and '•olleges and the cities of the Union h' 
. The 1°-- ^'ise, a reproduction of the C 

1 son' lent by the German Emperoi 

i and '^y which this Exposition is 




LOOKING DOWN THE CASCADES. 



irth from the base of the Festival Hall a magnifice 

"iQve, but not appearing in the picture, is H. A. h 

oward the Grand Basin, where they make their 

itals carrying allegorical sculpture expressive o 

ison at whose side speeds an Indian youth of 

'he broad court surrounded by v Vent 



-ima is unfolded to the observer. In the accompanying picture the camera is pointed almost due north. 

..eil's massive "Fountain of Liberty," where the Central Cascades have their source. As the waters tumble 

al plunge, they are divided into three streams which broaden toward the base of the slope. Bordering these 

iberty i" its various forms. Among these is a group called "Physical Liberty," in which the idea is expressed 

,rfect Other sculptures consist of children, fish and animals In playful attitudes. Beyond the Grand 

xldbit 




OLD FLEMISH DINING ROOM, BELGIAN PAVILION. 

In the handsome Belgian pavilion several artistically furnished rooms are to be seen. The most interesting one of these is the old Flemish dining-room of the early part of the 
16th century From the hard-wood polished floor to the deeply paneled ceiling, everything in the room is of genuine antique pattern except the collection of modern Bruges vaf -s on the 
mantel and cabinet Several of the articles of furniture are original old pieces, and the smaller paintings are from the brush of the old Flemish masters. The large mural de> nations 
represent typical scenes of the 16th century. The wood carving is intricate and very beautiful. At the side of the room opposite the door is an old-fashioned wood grate with a 
pair of wrought iron fire-dogs. On the tall, antique clock are three pieces of the original Bruges pottery, in striking contrast to the modern product in the same room, 
rugs and window arrangement are especially worthy of notice. 1 



Tht Flemish 




JAPANESE GARDENS AND TEA-HOUSES. 

The Japanese at home are not given to erecting large, isolated buildings, but incline to collections of smaller and more varied structures than do Americans and Europeans. 
'. ie national exhibit of Japan at the Fair is therefore in keeping with the spirit and taste of the people. The large hillside area which is occupied by Japan lies east of the Observa- 
'.on wheel and southwest of the Palace of Machinery. Dainty gardens, with winding paths and green sward make the spot a pleasant one in which to enjoy the smiling hospitality 
of the Orient?'''^. There are cascades and fountains, and plashing ittle streams spanned by quaint bridges or crossed by lines of stepping-stones. There are pretty pagodas, beds 
of floweri' lits and rock-work ornamen' '■ ' cra-ies. Many interesting buildings are within the enclosure. In one of them Japanese artists may be seen at their work, 

and in ai r extensive collections of J; offered for sab. The beautiful oavilion shown in the engraving is used as a tea-house, and is modeled after the 

Kikakuj! e still standing at Kioto aftf ce. i the uppe rooms ar • is of Japanese idols and images, and on the first floor one stops to take tea, whether 

he car or not, just for the pleasure 'S inty and c -an '' m ■ i whose English is as limited as it is delightful. 




PANORAMIC VIEW OF FESTIVAL HALL, THE CASCADES AND GARDENS, 



wifrhf-rv S t.rifffnfJnl ? 7k '^''I''-, ,^lf^ ^it*^^"' ''"^ ^"'^ '"■'''^ '^ softened, every mass of color is subdued, everything one most wishes to see is under the 

^^t w H, ! ^'^'^,«ff"'«'^"f P'^"^"'^^'^ '?y uncounted lights. The scene is beautiful by day, but at night it is another picture and an entrancing one. The lights steal gently forth 
fad aS over il^TAn^£"..T?.r' ""^ «' last every great building and statue and bridge is outlined and festooned with countless glowing points^hat combine o sled 
Ind th?s4nt o •flo?vPrf fw.ftf".n^ """^ ""'"■1' "'^"^'' ^^u^ "^"' ^^^ '"'■^^'" °f *^^ '^soons and the Grand Basin, while music and laughter float over the water 

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AND THE GRAND BASIN, FROM THE PLAZA OF ST. LOUIS, AT NIGHT. 

The visitor who has seen the Exposition only by day has not seen half. Festival Hall, rising stately and majestic from the Colonnade of States, the far-flung arms reaching 
out to the pavilions at east and west, water leaping exultantly down the great cascades, — half a mile of architecture, sculpture, gardens and waterways, brilliantly lighted, set 
athwart the southern sky — all this makes a matchless scene. At times the whole cascade picture is illuminated in green, then again in red or in white, and all the while search- 
lights play on the chateau d'eau and the titanic sculpture that surmounts it, glorifying and etherealizing all. Here is the center of the Exposition. Here is its spirit, its meaning. 
Here are breadth, dignity and majesty. Here are color, form and life. And unto each comes the inspiration from the great throng that is participating with him in the enjoyment 
of the spectacle. 




BATTLE OF COLENSO, BOER WAR EXHIBIT. 

Directly east of the Palace of Agriculture, and on the line of the Intramural Railway, a space of twelve acres is used for the reproduction of the battles and scenes of the 
Anglo-Boer War. About six hundred British and Boer veterans of the war take part in the thrilling scenes. Kaffirs and other natives, with carts and wagons, add to the 
picture. In command of the British contingent is Maj. W. S. Stewart, while Generals Piet Cronje and Ben Viljoen lead the sturdy Boers as in the days of the death-grapp' . on the 
veldt. The battles of Colenso and Paardeberg, with Cronje's surrender, and De Wet's flight through the British cordon, are the principal scenes re-enacted, and they are ,,ven with 
a daring and enthusiasm and realism that stir one to the depths. Colenso was one of the outer defenses of Ladysmith, and was held by 5.000 Boers when 2,?, 000 '" tish troops 
moved against it. The Boers held their fireso that their position could not be determined, anu when the Britons had moved across the open plain a rifle-tire burst f' three miles 
of concealed trenches, while the pom-poms added to the carnage. Col. Long of the Brit'ih forces, dashed into the field with twelve guns, only two of which we rescued, and 
those at frightful cost, while the Boers triumphantly captured the remaining ten. It is i le cliiiax of this fight for the guns, so vividly reproduced by veteran soldiei tliat is shown 
in the illustration. 







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THE TRIUMPH OF APOLLO. 



The Exposition abounds in monumental and allegorical statuary. The most elaborate group is that by Philip Martiny, which the sculptor calls "The Triumph of Apollo." 
The group >urmounts the main northern doorway of the Festival Hall, behind the central waterfall. It aptly symbolizes the purposes of the Hall and of the Palaces of Art which lie 
beyond. Aj"^llo, bearing in one hand the lyre and in the other the palm branch, emblem of victory, is borne in a chariot of classic design, drawn by two lionesses. He is 
accompanied . v the nine muses — Clio, the Muse of History; Euterpe, the Muse of Lyric Poetry, Thalia, of Comedy; Melpomene, of Tragedy; Terpsichore, of Choral Dance and 
Song; Erato, ( "rotic Poetry; Polyhymnia, of the Subhme Hymn; Urania, of Astronomjj, and Calliope, of Epic Poetry. Apollo, the God of Poetry and Song, is represented as a 
vouth of perfect rm and beauty, and in all the other figures the sculptor has shown his past^ry of the human figure. 




PALACE OF FORESTRY. FISH AND GAME. 




ADMINISTRATION BUILDING 




THE OBSERVATION WHEEL. 



srhaps the best start that the Exposition sightseer can make is to make the trip in the great wheel which first appeared at the Columbian Exposition as the Ferris Wheel, 
ted near the center of the grounds and is easily found, though it is much less conspicuous than it was at Chicago. It looked immense at Chicago; in St. Louis it merely 
_,. ^e. Yet it carries the visitor steadily and safely to a height of about 250 feet and gives him a constantly shifting view of everj^hing, great and small, within the Expo- 

^""^ "^nds, not to mention the leagues of town and country added to the prospect. When one has had this bird's-eye view, he goes about the grounds with a sense of 
beyond, j^ j^j^ surroundings that no map can give. The construction of the wheel presented great engineering difficulties, it contains 4,200 tons of metal, the axle alone 

accornpan. ^^^ ^j^^^ ^^^^ ^^ formed into what may be called a bicycle wheel, with tension spokes. It bears thirty-six roomy cars, each in charge of an attendant. It is no 

Song; Era ^^^ ^^ seethe wheel carrying 1,500 or 2,000 persons, making four revol .'ons in an hour. The ride is comfortable and moreover it is safe. More than 3,000,000 



youth of pt 



arried without injury, and those who have been In the cars in violent 



ver that there was no discomfort. 




CARNIVAL SCENE ON GRAND BASIN. 



The view given above shows a part of a water pageant crossing the Grand Basin. This basin is a broad expanse of water lying between the Palaces of Electri 
Education and directly in front of the cascades. The point of view is near the Louisiana Purchase Monument. The Grand Basin is a part of the lagoon system, the lagof 
right encircling the Palace of Electricity, and the one to the left surrounding the Palace of Education. Upon these lagoons is a great variety of craft including gondolas brou 
Venice, peacock boats, swan boats, dragon boats and handsome electric launches. The trip is one of the romantic experiences of the visitor. Upon the gala occasions ' 
picture illustrates, the boats are decked out in flowers, plants, flags and banners, and a procession thus organized makes a very beautiful scene. At night colored lij^^' 
purposes of decoration. The lagoons are in the heart of the Exposition and from the boats one may view the glorious central picture with unusual satisfaction and ••■ 




GOVERNMENT FISHERIES BUILDING. 

This classic structure, resembling an ancient Pompeiian residence, adjoins the Government Building at the southwest. Curious groups of scientific names are placed on the 

behind the colonnade that surrounds the building, which is square in shape and 136 feet on each face. Overhead lighting enables the visitor to see the fish and other water- 

,res living in the 35 tanks along the corridors. Fish from both salt and fresh water are exhibited by the Fish Commission, the former in tanics supplied with sea-water. 

ire filtering and aerating devices, and arrangements for controlling the temperature. In the center of the building is a pool for seals and other swimming creatures, and a 

'ways surrounds it. So popular, indeed, is this building that the visitor needs patience at times to view the exhibits, but they well repay the trouble. The schools of gold- 

'"-^le-fish, the gar, the toothed sheepshead, the hermit-crab, the spider-crab, the lady-crab, live lobsters so different from those we know, — all these are the source of 

One may see the resplendent Bermuda fish, the trunk-fish, the parrot-fish, the angel-fish, and the curious little hippoccunpus or sea-horse. The Government of 

^s has made thoroughly good exhibits in many departments of t i ;xpositioi id all are popular. 




H.ill of Congresses. Anthropology. 

(Administration Group.) Administration Building 
Italy. 
Division of Works. Brazil. 

Restaurant. France. 



Belgium. Cuba 



Austria. Sweden. 

Cliina. 
Nicaragua. Siam. 

Gardens and French Building. 



Holland. 
Great Britain. 



Burns' Cottage. 



Mexico. 
GROUP OF FOREIGN BUILDINGS LOOKING NORTHWEST FROM OBSERVATION WHEEL. 





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ST. LOUIS. 

he City of St. Louis was named by Pierre Laclede, tlie founder, in honor of Louis IX, King of France, tfie Crusader, who was canonized by the church and l<nown in 

s St. Louis. At tlie World's Fair this splendid statue, the Apotheosis of St, Louis, is the central ornament of the Plaza of St. Louis. The figure of the Crusader is clad 

•al armor with his crown and kingly mantle and he carries a cross in his right hand to signify his holy cause. The horse is also fitted out in partial armor and the much 

mrness and draperies belong to the period. The figure is pronounced by artists and connoisseurs one of the finest achievements of Mr. Charles H. Niehaus, the sculptor. 

**^atthe "Apotheosis of St. Louis" shall convey a fitting welcome to +he visitor upon his entrance to the World's Fair, and at the same time remind him of the 

yons of the scene. Upon one face of the massive a-"-'--*-- Jestal is a group by Mr. Niehaus entitled "St. Louis and Her Guiding Spirits," also a very 

ind expressive work. 




THE FRENCH PAVILION. 
The building and gardens are reproductions of the Grand Trianon at Versailles with its beautiful surrounding landscape. 




The Orangery of Kensington Palace is here accurately reproduced, with additional 

surrounding 



THE BRITISH P'^\'lLION. 

';aining historic rooms. A bit of the Kew gardens is also to ' 







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ITALY'S BEAUTIFUL BUILDING. 



CHINA'S BRILLIANT PAVILION. 
CUBA'S COMELY HOME. 



SIAM'S CHARACTERISTIC TEMPLE. 

PAVILIONS OF FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS. 

Italian Pavilion is a sem of Old Roman architecture, the visitor entering through a peristjle of Ionic Columns and ItaUan Garden.— China's pavilion is a reproduction 
home of Prince Pu Lun, the Imperial Commissioner to the World's Fair. -The Siamese building is a replica of Ben Chama Temple at Bangkok. -A well appointed 
Havana of the present day is reproduced as the Cuban building. 







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ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. 
SWEDEN. 



PAVILIONS OF FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS. 



NICARAGUA. 
NETHERLANDS. 



The central portion of the Government palace at Buenos Ayres is reproduced in the Argentine Building -The Nicaraguan Pavilion is o Spanish architecture and d- 
collective disp ay the Country's natural resources. -The Swedish Building is a typical country home o a well-to-do Swede The building was brought entire f- 
ready to be put together at the Fair. -The steep Dutch gables of the Netherlands Building are typical of that country. Certain rooms of the building cont- 
Holland furniture. 





MEXICO. 
CEYLON. 




PAVILIONS OF FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS. 



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INDIA, 
GUATEMALA. 



'^e Mexican Building contains a large public reception room below with a central patio. Offices of the Commission open from the balcony. The India and Ceylon buildings 
-■int famouf structures that of India the tomb of Etmad-Dowlah at Agr.; that of Ceylon an ancient Kandian temple. The decorations are typical of the countnes. In 
i-ea is served to visitors. In the Guatemalan building Guatemala coff is served, 




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KANSAS CITY CASINO. 
SAN FRANCISCO. 



NEW YORK CITY. 
MINNEAPOLIS AND ST. PAUL. 

BUILDINGS OF THE MUNICIPAL STREET. 



..iunicipal Street is 1,200 feet long. Kansas City is represented by a Casino which serves the purpose of headquarters for Kansas City people. Numerous pictures 
.esting features of the city. This Casino will be rebuilt of permanent materials in Swope Park at Kansas City after the Exposition. The New York City building at the 
■'-e'Municipal Street contains numerous municipal exhibits including a topographical map of Greater New York. The San Francisco building is a reproduction of the 
erry Depot and a special feature of the exhibit is a display of shipping facilities. 




EMERGENCY HOSPITAL. 
GUILD HALL, MUNICIPAL STREET. 



MODEL TOWN HALL, MUNICIPAL STREET. 
MODEL SCHOOL, NEAR EAST ART PAVILION. 



The Emergency Hospital, on the Municipal Street, serves a practical purpose and furnishes a demonstration of methods of caring for the sick and injured. The Town H^ 
devoted to exhibits of municipal affairs, in which Boston, Mass., and Buffalo, N. Y., are prominently represented. The Guild Hall is devoted to education. A correspond- 
school shows the methods used in carrying on systematic instruction by mail. 



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MISSOURI STATE BUILDING. 

The most northern of the group on the Plateau of States, lying directly south of the U. S. Government Building. It is 312 by 160 feet in area, and cost S12S,000. To the 
predominating Roman type of architecture have been added some purely American features. The dome is a perfect hemisphere, gilded and crowned with the magnificent statue of 
Winged Victory. The central portion of the building is decorated with sculptured groups and single statues of great beauty. A rotunda 76 feet square is the principal interior 
'■^sture, adjoining an auditorium and reception room seating 1,500 persons. The mantel in this room cost Si ,000, and in the center of the rotunda is an electric fountain gushing 
-c water, installed at a cost of S2,000. The building is equipped with a cooling system for use in hot weather. The cost of the sculpture with which the interior and exterior of 
the building is decorated is over S14,000. 




JERUSALEM— THE C 

This magnificent picture shows tlie grand scale upon which the work of reproducing the Holy City of Palestine at the World's Fair has been done. All Christendom ' 
interested in this undertaking which has cost hundreds of thousands of dollars. The city as here constructed covers about 1,? acres and embraces the most historic t "^^ 
buildings of the biblical city as it is today. The view is from the west pavilion near the colonnade of states. At the left of the picture, behind the trees, is the Jaffa Gar 
leads into David Court, the market place, a scene typical of Jerusalem. Hundreds of natives of the He "■■^^' people this new Jerusalem and make interesting the sojou' 
World's Fair visitor within the gates. 



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"^ODUCTION OF THE HOLY CITY. 

" e principal buildings here reproduced are the Mosque of Omar and the church of the Holy Sepulchre. The visitor may see the Jews' Wailing Wall, the diorama of the 

ill ")lives, showing the Garden of Gethsemane, Valley of Kedron, the Dead Sea and the Mohammedan minaret erected on the spot of the ascension, the Via Dolorosa or Way 

'•» along which Christ bore the Cross, the barracks where Christ was tried and other historic places. The streets are many and narrow and wind in and out among the 

,r. of houses and shops. Jerusalem stands apart from the othe-- '" cessions in a valley south of the Palace of Machinery'. A large number of natural cedar trees enhance 

s b. ■ and interest. 



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OKLAHOMA. 
KENTUCKY. 



WEST VIRGINIA. 
LOUISIANA. 



STATE BUILDINGS. 



The Oklahoma appropriation was $100,000, the building costing 816,000. It is the Moorish type of architecture. The West Virginia Building is of the colonial type, with 
classical domes at the corners and a large center dome which forms an observatory. The cost was 818,000. The Kentucky building, known as the "New Kentucky Home," was 
constructed with an outlay of S29,000. It is very ornate and occupies a convenient site near the Palace of Mines and Metallurgy. The Louisiana Building, situated on the terrace 
above the Government Building, is a reproduction of the Cabildo or Town Hall of New Orleans in which the transfer of the Louisiana Purchase took place in 180.?. The Louisiana 
appropriation was SIOO.OOO. 




IOWA. 
ARKANSAS. 



CONNECTICUT. 
KANSAS. 



STATE BUILDINGS. 



Iowa was the first state to erect a building at tlie World's Fair and chose one of the most commanding sites. It is a very large and commodious building, almost continually 
thronged with Iowa's people and their friends. A magnificent pipe organ is a feature of this building and well attended organ concerts are given daily. Arkansas chose the colonial 
style for its large and imposing building. Nati\-e woods and onyx of the state were eraplo\-ed in its construction. Photographs of Arkansas scenery decorate the walls. The 
Con'-^'-.ticut Building represents an old-fashioned luxurious home of New England a century ago. Old wood work was taken from the home of the poet Mrs. Sigourne>-, at Hartford 
an'" Slater house in Norwich, which were recently torn down, and the material used in the construction of this building, which cost S40,000. The Kansas Building is on the 
c- a Club House and cost nearly S30,000. 




PENNSYLVANIA. 
NEW YORK. 



MASSACHUSETTS 
OHIO. 



STATE BUILDINGS. 



From her appropriation of S300,000 Pennsylvania has erected one of the largest and finest state buildings at the Exposition. The Liberty Bell is the chief attraction here. 
New York expended nearly S60,000 in the construction of the state headquarters building. It is colonial in type with broad verandas completely surrounding it. The Massachusetts 
Building is an old colonial mansion and includes in its facade a reproduction of the Bulfinch front of the State Capitol. Its interior is in part a reproduction of the old Mass 
chusetts Senate Chamber and House of Representatives. Porches at either end are like those of the Longfellow House at Cambridge, The Ohio Building stands amid oak tree* 
the east side of Commonwealth Avenue near the Missouri Building and cost 835,000. 




WASHINGTON STATE BUILDING. 



STATE BUILDINGS. 



ARIZONA. 

NEW MEXICO. 



Washington has aimed to make an impressive display of her vast timber resources in her state building. Eight spruce timbers, two feet square by one hundred feet long, 

with a spread of 77 feet at the base, are brought nearly together at the top and support an observatory more than one hundred feet above ground. The building has five stories. 

With an appropriation of but S30,000 Arizona expended the larger part of the fund upon her exhibits in the larger exhibit palaces. The Arizonia Building is, therefore, small, 

•■•it nevertheless prominent, comfortable and pleasing. New Mexico Building is in the style of the Spanish Renaissance, and stands at the junction of two streets opposite the 

ontana Building. 




t 



STATE OF MAINE. 
INDIAN TERRITORY. 



MISSISSIPPI. 
MONTANA. 



STATE BUILDINGS. 



The Stite of Maine has erected a hunter's lodge, intending thus to call attention not only to tlie timber resources of the state but to the resources of pleasure for the sportsmen. 
The material and logs used in the construction of the building were brought from Maine. The Mississippi building is a reproduction of Beauvoir, the home of Jefferson Davis, in 
which he wrote the Rise and Fall of the Southern Confederacy. The Indian Territory is represented by an imposing building of the colonial type and it is one of the first to greet the 
visitor as he comes through the State entrance. The Territory has shown itself very enterprising in its representation at the World's Fair. The mountainous State of Montana has 
for its headquarters a structure of modified Doric architecture. The entire building is so arranged that it may be thrown open on a warm day, and its situation among the trees 
makes it a very delightful retreat. 



I 




VERMONT. 
NEW HAMPSHIRE. 



STATE BUILDINGS. 



MARYLAND. 
NEVADA. 



The New Hampshire Building is a reproduction of tlie birthplace of Daniel Webster. The Vermont Building is a reproduction of the old Constitution House in which the 
nstitution of the State was written. The Maryland Building represents an expenditure of 820,000. It is two stories high and the architecture is Italian renaissance. The rear 
■ ze of the building commands a view of the large Government bird cage. The Nevada Building has wide verandas and is in the Bungalow fype. The state is rich in mineral 
p' nd precious metals and its displays are of these products. 




OREGON. 
UTAH. 



IDAHO. 
GEORGIA. 



STATE BUILDINGS. 



The Oregon Building is a reproduction of old Fort Clatsop and stockade which were used by Lewis and Clark in the winter of 1805-06. The fort was built bv the explore 
at the mouth of the Columbia and was the first building constructed in Oregon by white men, upon lands of tlie Clatsop Indians. The Idaho Building is in the bungalow stvle a 
has a large open court. The arrangement suggests the Spanish house. The building contains ten rooms, and is much admired by visitors. The Utali Building is a con'ven t. 
club house, fifty feet square, and is situated near the States entrance in the southeastern part of tlie Exposition grounds. Utah has a large display in the Palace of M- ■>»»• 
Metallurgy and other exhibit palaces. The Georgia Building is the old home of Gen. John B. Gordon, situated at Kirkwood, a suburb of Atlanta, and known --'- ''-itherland' 









I 




VIRGINIA. 
RHODE ISLAND. 



WISCONSIN. 
INDIANA. 



STATE BUILDINGS. 



The Rhode Island 
All the rooms have 



! The Virginia Building is a raproduction of Monticello, the home of President Jefferson, during whose administration the Louisiana Purchase was made 

Building is of the colonial type. The front piazza is taken from the old Carrington House in Providence, and the circular gable windows from the Smith House. 

ge open fire-places with gas logs and their mantels are fine examples of colonial work. The Wisconsin Building is constructed in the Club House style with many gables. Many 
/lews of W'^consin decorate the walls, Indiana has a very pretentious building and occupies a commanding position among the State groups. The style is French renaissance. 




CALIFORNIA. 
TEXAS. 



STATE BUILDINGS. 



NEW JERSEY. 
SOUTH DAKOTA. 



The Texas Building is a massive structure in the form of a five-pointed star, with a center dome rising l.?2 feet from the ground. Native woods and marble of Texas are 
used in the interior finishing of the building. The California Building is an exact reproduction of the LaRabida Mission at Santa Barbara and stands almost in the center of the 
Exposition grounds. The interior is handsomely furnished with furniture made of California woods, and_ all the decorations are suggestive of the state. The New Jersey Building 
is a reproduction of the old Ford tavern at Norristown, N. J., used by Gen. Washington as headquarters during the Revolutionary War. The Sooth Dakota Building is among the 
trees near the Texas Building, south of the Palace of Mines and Metallurgy. The interior is decorated with corn and other grains and grasses, which are the chief products of 
the state. 




ILLINOIS. 
TENNESSEE. 



STATE BUILDINGS. 



MICHIGAN. 
MINNESOTA. 



The Tennessee Building is a reproduction of the home of President Andrew Jackson l<nown as the Hermitage, situated near Nashville. The Michigan building is in the Grecian 
style of architecture. It is built of cement and other materials which were contributed for this building. It is a large substantial and attractive structure. The State of Illinois 
appropriated S2SO,000 for its representation at the World's Fair and the State Building represents an outlay of 875,000. It occupies a site on high ground southwest of the Palace 
of Machinery near the California Building. The Minnesota Building represents an expenditure of over S16,000 and is a two-story structure. It is of the Greek Byzantine style. 
The furniture was largely furnished by the mechanical schools of the State. 



■H 




LOOKING SOUTH AND WEST OVER THE WORLD 



MISSOURI AND OTHER STATE BUILDlN(iS. 
U. S. GOVIiRNMLNT BlIII.DINCi. 
U. S. ARMY AND MARINE CAMPS. 



FESTIVAL HALL AND CASCADES. 



PALACE OF MINES. 
PALACE OF LIBERAL ARTS. 



PLAZA OF ORLEANS. 



PALACE OF EDl'CAT 




PALACE OF MACHINERY. THE DOME INDICATES THE PIKE. 

PALACE OF ELECTRICITY. PALACE OF TRANSPORTATION. 

PALACE OF MANUFACTURES. PALACE OF VARIED INDUSTRIES. BUILDINGS IN THE MUNICIPAL STREET. 

|/IE OF THE DISTANT TOWERS ARE MORE THAN A MILE AWAY. 



TYROLEAN ALPS. 



INTRAMURAL RAILWAY. 




QUEEN VICTORIA'S JUBILEE PRESENTS. 

King Edward's interest in the World's Fair was clearly shown when he authorized the exhibition of the Jubilee presents of his lamented mother. Among them are a silver 
casket from the Island of Trinidad; a basket of satin wood, highly decorated with gold flowers, from Jamaica; a tiger skull from India, mounted in gold; a hanging lamp in chased 
bronze, from one of the small states of India; two huge ivory tusks set as vases and decorated in gold, supported by two elephants' heads in black ebony and having between 
them an image of Lukshire, the Goddess of Prosperity, from the Maharajah of Travancore. The collection is valued at over SS, 000,000, and was sent over under a strong guard 
of English detectives, who will remain on guard during the Exposition. These treasures are displayed to the public in the Hall of Congresses, and form one of the most interesting 
features of the Exposition. 




STATUE OF DESOTO, PLAZA OF ST. LOUIS. 

Among the many excellent equestrian statues on the Exposition grounds, none is more generally admired than that of De Soto, which stands at the right of the Plaza of 
St. Louis as the visitor faces Festival Hall. Raised on a massive pedestal, and with the green of splendid maples and the ivory white of the Palace of Varied Industries for a back- 
ground, it is indeed a commanding figure. The daring Spanish explorer has reined in his restive steed and is doffing his cavalier's hat in welcome to the throngs who have 
assembled to celebrate the centennial of America's acquisition of that territory which he and his followers attempted, in the years 1539-1542 to explore and conquer. It is 
eminently fitting that De Soto should be given a prominent place on the grounds of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, since he was, in all probability, the first white man who ever 
looked upon the waters of the Mississippi, that river that has been of such vital importance to the development of the Louisiana territory. 




CHILDREN OF MANY NATIONS. 

The most valuable feature of a great World's Fair is tiie concourse of strange peoples, such as one would not be alile to see in an ordinary journey around the earth. Ne\-er 
before have so many nationalities and tribes been brought together as may be seen at the World's Fair. Every class of American native, from the Esquimau of the far north to the 
giant of Patagonia is here. There are pygmies and Kaffirs from Africa, Ainus from the north of Japan and at least four distinct races that represent the inhabitants of the 
Philippines. These widely separated peoples may be studied in their characteristic dwellings in the Philippine Reservation, the li\e Anthropology section in connection with the 
Model Indian School and on the Pike. It is on Sunday afternoons that the children of all these strange parents are brought together. The Model Playground, in the eastern part 
of the Exposition grounds, a part of the Model City, is the scene of the Congress of All Nationalities. Here Moro and Igorrote, Ainu and Cocopa, Esquimau and Moqui rub shoulders 
with their more civilized brothers. It is a sight that may never be seen again, one well worthy to be seen. 




TREE-DWELLING MOROS, SAMAL MOROS, AND IGORROTE WEAVERS. 

At the left of the picture is shown one of the houses of the tree-dwelling Moros from the interior of Mindanao Island. It is located in a tree in the court of the Ethnology 
Building in the Philippine Exhibit, and stands out most picturesquely from its elevation of about tliirty feet. The approach to it is by means of a bamboo ladder, and the whole 
structure is ingeniously lashed in place. Small as it appears, five persons find in it a safe refuge from enemies. At the upper right of the picture is shown a view of the Samal 
Moros, or sea-gypsies. Their houses at the Exposition are built as at home, on bamboo piles in the water, and their boats are of their own construction. These people are famous 
pearl divers and bold pirates. For centuries they were the terror of natives and Europeans in the Philippine Islands, and it was not many years ago that they ventured into the 
Bay of Manilla with hostile intent. Their religion is Mohammedan, and they are ruled by a chief who lives in Oriental splendor. The third view, at the lower right of the picture, 
shows Suyoc Igorrote women engaged in weaving, on their ingenious hand-looms, the bright-colored cloth which goes into their garments. The men of this tribe are copper miners, 
and the whole tribe occupies a high place industrially. 







NEGRITOS, IGORROTES AND MOROS. 

The two views at the left of the accompanying engraving represent the people of the Negrito race; the upper one shows the bowmen, the lower a nati\e wedding ceremony. 
These people are the aborigines of the Philippine Islands, of the real negro type, black, but of very small stature. They are extremely skillful with the bow and arrow, using 
poisoned arrows at home, and terrorizing the otlier natives of the Philippines. They have no fixed habitation, but wander around at their pleasure, erecting small huts where they 
tarry. Intellectually they are a feeble people, and possessed of the full share of savage vanity. There are only 23,000 of them in the islands, and the constant lessening of their 
numbers shows that they are doomed to extinction. The Bontoc Igorrotes are shown at the upper right of the picture, engaged in one of their fascinating dances, which no Expo- 
sition visitor willingly misses seeing. These are the men who have made themselves famous as dog-eaters and head-hunters. The women, it may be remarked, are not permitted 
by their lords 1r> enjoy the dog-feast, though the official sanction has been placed on the use of this dainty at the Fair. The figure in the scene at the lower right is that of a Moro 
woman engaged in weaving, an occupation in which these natives show much skill. 



I 




LOOKING DOWN THE PIKE. 

The Pike is a street a mile long, solidly lined with amusements more varied, more elaborate and more costly than any previous exposition has ever contained. The broad 
interior street does not extend the entire length of the Pike, but turns south at the two ends, making wide entrances, which are supplemented by others at convenient points. 
Here, in this famous street, some fifty entertainments have been installed, at a total cost of nearly 810,000,000. Many of the structures can be fairly termed palatial. An army 
of attendants care for these exhibitions, and people from far and from near contribute to the entertainment. When night comes, and the exhibit palaces are closed, the throng is 
on the Pike. Everyone on the grounds, wherever else he goes, takes a stroll down the Pike, to see the life and motion and color and light, to hear the bands and listen to the 
ingenious gentlemen whose wits are sharpened in the competition for patronage, and whose vocal powers, assisted by megaphones, vie successfully with the brass bands. It is 
an inspiring spectacle — fifty or a hundred thousand people ceaselessly moving, the wise and the simple, the great and ths hu nble, all pleased and happy, care-free and safe, out for 
recreation solely, all drifting comfortably about, nobody jostled or jammed, all finding so much to amuse and please that one need give no thought to what he shall see or do, confident 
that every show is worth entering once and that ev-ery one is proper and genuine. 




MOORISH PALACE. 
NAVAL EXHIBIT. 



PALAIS du COSTUME. 
RUSSIAN IMPERIAL TROUPE. 



The Moorish Palace is an exhibition illustrating historic events connected with the settlement and purchase of tlie Louisiana Territory. The figures are wax, clothed in the 
garments ot the period. Other groups illustrate the manners, customs and racial characteristics of East Indian peoples. The Naval exhibit is a realistic reproduction of a navy in 
action. 1 he fleet consists of eight battleships, six cruisers, six torpedo boats and one submarine boat, copies in miniature of famous vessels. Each vessel is 21 feet long. The 
entertainment consists first of a senes of drills and evolutions, then the blockading of a fortified city and a terrific battle. The Palais du Costume is a historic display of costumes 
trom those worn by queens of long ago to a fine show of the latest apparel for women 
Moscow appear in their native songs and dances. 



Many historic scenes are portrayed. The Russian Imperial Troupe of fifty performers from 




GEISHA GIRLS IN FAIR JAPAN. 



When one passes down the Pike, he will do well to view the towering Nikko Gate of "Fair Japan," with its gracefully overhanging roof and great crimson columns twined 
about with dragons and all glittering with electric lights. If he elects to enter, he comes upon a theater set in one of those dainty Japanese gardens of which we hear so much and 
see so little. In the theater the geisha girls, fifty of whom were brought over for this attraction, entertain the visitor with the songs and dances popular in Japan. One of the 
weirdest of these is the spider-dance. All of these performances are colorful and unique, and pervaded with the charm of Japanese young women, who flit about evers'where in the 
gardens and bazaars, demure and fair. The garden at the left of the theater is a miniature copy of the Imperial Garden in Tokio, and with its tiny lakes, bridges of quaint design, 
waterfalls and pavilions, makes an appropriate setting for the Oriental life of the place. Not far from 300 Japanese men; women and children inhabit this delightful spot, many of 
them occupied with the care of the bazaars and little shops, where polite English is spoken to the visitor who may care to examine the exquisite wares offered for sale. In the tea 
garden one may be served with light refreshments b\- the charming and dainty young women who are seen grouped near the Lake in tha illustration. 





INFANT INCUBATORS. 



HEREAFTER. 





MAGIC WHIRLPOOL. 



STREETS OF SEVILLE. 



THE PIKE. 




HAGENBECK'S TRAINED WILD ANIMAL ARENA. 




HALE'S FIRE FIGHTING EXHIBF 





GALVESTON FLOOD. 



UNDER AND OVER THE SEA. 





SPECTATOR lUM. 



OLD ST. LOUIS. 



THE PIKE. 




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CHINESE VILLAGE. 





OLD PLANTATION. 



BATTLE ABBEY. 



The Pueblo Indians of Arizona and New Mexico, the former cliff dwellers in times remote when such inaccessible dwellings were a necessity for the sake of safety from war- 
like enemies, are at the World's Fair. The entire allotment on the Pike is full of interest. The Indian theater affords an opportunity for the Indian to display his abilities as an 
actor, the Moaui snake dance being numbered among the acts.— The Chinese village is both large and gorgeous. The theater is especially interesting. The Joss house, tea house, 
silk weavers, ivory carvers and other artisans all combine to make the visitor's stay most delightful.— Old Plantation is de\-oted to a representation of scenes and pastimes in the 
Sunny South.— The Battle Abbey has a thrilling interest for soldiers and the children of soldiers. Two of the greatest Cycloramas of the world are here, the Battles of Gettysburg 
and Manassas, besides five dioramas of other historic battles, and a great museum of war relics in which one may spend a day without losing interest. 




IRELAND— BLARNEY CASTLE. 



PARIS. 



Ireland" is one of the great features of tlie Pik-e, embracing iTiany historic buildings. One of these is the Parliament House in Dublin, Carmaclv's Castle Blarney Castle 
and the McKinley ancestral cottage. A large exhibit building contains a vast display of Irish manufactures, embracing linens, laces and other fine fabrics of interest to ladies 
Besides these there are many tine old historic olsjects, in furniture and plate, engravings and glassware, books and portraits. An Irish theater with actors from Irekuuradds to the 
genuineness of the feature.— Twenty-six distinct buildings of Arabic architecture with 67 booths make up the Streets of Cairo and Constantinople. The bazaars of Stamboul 
faithfully reproduced. Street life in these cities of the Levant is here transplanted to the Pil<e.— Paris is a brisk and popular vaudeville entertainment 



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TYROLEAN ALPS. 

Few visitors to the Exposition fail to visit the Tyrolean Alps, one of the largest and most interesting of the concession features. Artificial mountains of towering height have 
been constructed and under tlieir shadow a great dining hall where every day some thousands of visitors listen to what is considered the finest band in America while enjoying dinner 
a la carte. The surroundings are Tyrolean, from the style of arcliitecture to the girls who sell edelweiss. Tyrolese singers of fine voice take turns with the great orchestra whose 
least player is purported to receive a salary of S45 a week. An electric fountain, which shoots to aheight of 75 feet, in constantly changing colors, is one of the many garden effects. 
The mountain trip by railroad carries the visitor into the heart of the Alps. He is shown famous vilfages and valleys in the mountains of the Tyrol and the glaciers are reproduced 
with realistic effect. Real waterfalls and cascades complete the cliarm. The trip ends with a long slide that results in\ariably with an explosion of laughter and expressions of delight. 
Other features of the Tyrolean Alps are: The Alpine Village in which the house where Mozart was born is reproduced, a Tyrolese council hall, a barn for national dances and a chapel. 



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